Are Miniature Horses Service Animals Under Texas Law?

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Service Animals and Emotional Back up Animals

Where are they allowed and nether what weather condition?

 Jacquie Brennan
Vinh Nguyen (Ed.)
Southwest ADA Center
A program of ILRU at TIRR Memorial Hermann

Foreword

This transmission is defended to the retention of Pax, a devoted guide canis familiaris, and to all the handler and dog teams working together across the nation. Guide dogs make it possible for their handlers to travel safely with independence, freedom and dignity.

Pax guided his handler faithfully for over x years. Together they negotiated countless busy intersections and safely traveled the streets of many cities, large and small. His practiced guiding kept his handler from injury on more than one occasion. He accompanied his handler to business concern meetings, restaurants, theaters, and social functions where he conducted himself as would any highly-trained guide dog. Pax was a seasoned traveler and was the beginning dog to fly in the cabin of a domestic aircraft to U.k., a country that had previously barred service animals without extended quarantine.

Pax was born in the kennels of The Seeing Eye in the beautiful Washington Valley of New Bailiwick of jersey in March 2000. He lived with a puppy-raiser family unit for almost a year where he learned basic obedience and was exposed to the sights and sounds of customs life—the same experiences he would soon face as a guide dog. He then went through four months of intensive training where he learned how to guide and ensure the safety of the person with whom he would be matched. In November 2001 he was matched with his handler and they worked as a team until Pax's retirement in Jan 2012, after a long and successful career. Pax retired with his handler'southward family, where he lived with 2 other dogs. His life was full of play, long naps, and recreational walks until his death in January 2014.

Information technology is the sincere hope of Pax's handler that this guide will be useful in improving the understanding about service animals, their purpose and part, their extensive training, and the rights of their handlers to travel freely and to experience the same access to employment, public accommodations, transportation, and services that others accept for granted.

I.  Introduction

Individuals with disabilities may use service animals and emotional support animals for a variety of reasons. This guide provides an overview of how major Federal civil rights laws govern the rights of a person requiring a service creature. These laws, every bit well as instructions on how to file a complaint, are listed in the last department of this publication. Many states also have laws that provide a unlike definition of service animal. Y'all should check your state'south law and follow the police force that offers the most protection for service animals.  The certificate discusses service animals in a number of different settings every bit the rules and allowances related to access with service animals will vary according to the law practical and the setting.

2. Service Animal Defined past Title 2 and Championship Three of the ADA

A service creature means whatever dog that is individually trained to practise work or perform tasks for the benefit of an individual with a inability, including a concrete, sensory, psychiatric, intellectual, or other mental inability. Tasks performed can include, among other things, pulling a wheelchair, retrieving dropped items, alerting a person to a sound, reminding a person to take medication, or pressing an elevator push button.

Emotional back up animals, comfort animals, and therapy dogs are not service animals nether Title II and Title Three of the ADA. Other species of animals, whether wild or domestic, trained or untrained, are not considered service animals either. The work or tasks performed past a service beast must be directly related to the individual's inability. It does not matter if a person has a note from a doctor that states that the person has a disability and needs to have the animal for emotional back up. A doctor'southward alphabetic character does non turn an beast into a service animal.

Examples of animals that fit the ADA's definition of "service animal" because they take been specifically trained to perform a task for the person with a inability:

· Guide Dog or Seeing Eye® Dog^ane is a carefully trained dog that serves equally a travel tool for persons who have severe visual impairments or are blind.

· Hearing or Point Domestic dog is a canis familiaris that has been trained to warning a person who has a significant hearing loss or is deafened when a audio occurs, such as a knock on the door.

· Psychiatric Service Dog is a canis familiaris that has been trained to perform tasks that help individuals with disabilities to detect the onset of psychiatric episodes and lessen their furnishings. Tasks performed by psychiatric service animals may include reminding the handler to take medicine, providing safety checks or room searches, or turning on lights for persons with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, interrupting cocky-mutilation by persons with dissociative identity disorders, and keeping disoriented individuals from danger.

· SSigDOG (sensory signal dogs or social signal dog) is a dog trained to help a person with autism. The dog alerts the handler to distracting repetitive movements common amid those with autism, assuasive the person to stop the movement (east.k., hand flapping).

· Seizure Response Canis familiaris is a domestic dog trained to help a person with a seizure disorder. How the dog serves the person depends on the person's needs. The dog may stand up guard over the person during a seizure or the dog may become for help. A few dogs accept learned to predict a seizure and warn the person in advance to sit down or move to a safe identify.

Under Title II and Iii of the ADA, service animals are limited to dogs. Notwithstanding, entities must brand reasonable modifications in policies to allow individuals with disabilities to utilize miniature horses if they have been individually trained to practice piece of work or perform tasks for individuals with disabilities.

III. Other Support or Therapy Animals

While Emotional Support Animals or Comfort Animals are often used as role of a medical treatment plan as therapy animals, they are not considered service animals nether the ADA. These support animals provide companionship, relieve loneliness, and sometimes help with depression, anxiety, and certain phobias, but exercise non have special preparation to perform tasks that assist people with disabilities. Even though some states have laws defining therapy animals, these animals are not limited to working with people with disabilities and therefore are not covered by federal laws protecting the use of service animals.  Therapy animals provide people with therapeutic contact, usually in a clinical setting, to improve their physical, social, emotional, and/or cognitive functioning.

IV. Handler's Responsibilities

The handler is responsible for the care and supervision of his or her service animal. If a service fauna behaves in an unacceptable mode and the person with a inability does not control the animal, a business concern or other entity does not have to allow the animal onto its premises. Uncontrolled barking, jumping on other people, or running abroad from the handler are examples of unacceptable beliefs for a service brute. A business organization has the right to deny access to a canis familiaris that disrupts their business. For instance, a service dog that barks repeatedly and disrupts another patron's enjoyment of a movie could exist asked to leave the theater. Businesses, public programs, and transportation providers may exclude a service animal when the animal'south behavior poses a direct threat to the health or safety of others. If a service animal is growling at other shoppers at a grocery store, the handler may exist asked to remove the animal.

· The ADA requires the fauna to exist under the command of the handler.  This can occur using a harness, leash, or other tether.  However, in cases where either the handler is unable to concord a tether because of a inability or its utilize would interfere with the service animal'southward rubber, effective operation of work or tasks, the service brute must be under the handler's control by some other ways, such as phonation control.²

· The animal must be housebroken.³

· The ADA does not require covered entities to provide for the care or supervision of a service animal, including cleaning up after the animal.

· The animal should exist vaccinated in accordance with land and local laws.

· An entity may also assess the type, size, and weight of a miniature equus caballus in determining whether or not the horse will exist allowed access to the facility.

V. Handler'southward Rights

a) Public Facilities and Accommodations

Titles 2 and III of the ADA makes it clear that service animals are allowed in public facilities and accommodations. A service animal must be allowed to accompany the handler to any place in the building or facility where members of the public, plan participants, customers, or clients are allowed. Even if the concern or public programme has a "no pets" policy, it may not deny entry to a person with a service animal. Service animals are non pets. And then, although a "no pets" policy is perfectly legal, it does not allow a business to exclude service animals.

When a person with a service animal enters a public facility or place of public accommodation, the person cannot be asked about the nature or extent of his disability. Only 2 questions may be asked:

1. Is the animal required because of a inability?

ii. What work or task has the fauna been trained to perform?

These questions should not be asked, however, if the animal's service tasks are obvious. For example, the questions may not be asked if the dog is observed guiding an private who is blind or has low vision, pulling a person's wheelchair, or providing help with stability or balance to an individual with an observable mobility disability.^iv

A public accommodation or facility is non allowed to ask for documentation or proof that the beast has been certified, trained, or licensed as a service animal. Local laws that prohibit specific breeds of dogs do not apply to service animals.⁵

A place of public adaptation or public entity may not ask an individual with a disability to pay a surcharge, even if people accompanied by pets are required to pay fees. Entities cannot require anything of people with service animals that they do non crave of individuals in full general, with or without pets. If a public accommodation normally charges individuals for the impairment they cause, an individual with a inability may be charged for damage caused by his or her service animal.⁶

b) Employment

Laws prohibit employment discrimination considering of a disability. Employers are required to provide reasonable accommodation. Allowing an individual with a disability to accept a service animal or an emotional support fauna accompany them to work may be considered an accommodation. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), which enforces the employment provisions of the ADA (Championship I), does not take a specific regulation on service animals.⁷ In the instance of a service animal or an emotional support animal, if the disability is non obvious and/or the reason the animal is needed is not clear, an employer may request documentation to plant the existence of a inability and how the animal helps the individual perform his or her job.

Documentation might include a detailed description of how the fauna would help the employee in performing job tasks and how the animate being is trained to behave in the workplace.  A person seeking such an accommodation may propose that the employer let the animate being to accompany them to work on a trial footing.

Both service and emotional support animals may be excluded from the workplace if they pose either an undue hardship or a direct threat in the workplace.

c) Housing

The Fair Housing Act (FHA) protects a person with a disability from discrimination in obtaining housing. Nether this constabulary, a landlord or homeowner's clan must provide reasonable adaptation to people with disabilities so that they accept an equal opportunity to savor and use a dwelling.⁸ Emotional back up animals that exercise not qualify every bit service animals under the ADA may nevertheless qualify as reasonable accommodations under the FHA.⁹ In cases when a person with a disability uses a service animal or an emotional support animal, a reasonable adaptation may include waiving a no-pet rule or a pet deposit.¹⁰ This brute is not considered a pet.

A landlord or homeowner's association may not ask a housing applicant about the beingness, nature, and extent of his or her inability. However, an individual with a inability who requests a reasonable accommodation may be asked to provide documentation so that the landlord or homeowner's association can properly review the adaptation request.¹¹ They tin ask a person to certify, in writing, (1) that the tenant or a fellow member of his or her family is a person with a disability; (ii) the need for the fauna to help the person with that specific inability; and (iii) that the creature actually assists the person with a disability.  It is important to continue in mind that the ADA may apply in the housing context besides, for example with student housing. Where the ADA applies, requiring documentation or certification would not exist permitted with regard to an animal that qualifies equally a "service animal."

d) Didactics

Service animals in public schools (K-12) ¹³ – The ADA permits a student with a disability who uses a service animal to have the beast at schoolhouse.  In addition, the Individuals with Disabilities Teaching Human action (Idea) and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act let a pupil to use an brute that does non meet the ADA definition of a service animal if that educatee's Individual Education Plan (IEP) or Section 504 team decides the animal is necessary for the student to receive a free and appropriate educational activity.  Where the ADA applies, still, schools should exist mindful that the employ of a service animate being is a correct that is not dependent upon the decision of an IEP or Section 504 team.¹⁴

Emotional back up animals, therapy animals, and companion animals are seldom allowed to accompany students in public schools. Indeed, the ADA does not contemplate the use of animals other than those coming together the definition of "service animal."  Ultimately, the determination whether a student may utilize an animal other than a service animal should be made on a instance-by-instance footing by the IEP or Section 504 team.

Service animals in postsecondary education settings – Nether the ADA, colleges and universities must allow people with disabilities to bring their service animals into all areas of the facility that are open to the public or to students.

Colleges and universities may have a policy request students who apply service animals to contact the school'due south Inability Services Coordinator to annals as a educatee with a disability. Higher education institutions may not crave any documentation most the training or certification of a service animal. They may, however, require proof that a service fauna has any vaccinations required by state or local laws that apply to all animals.

e) Transportation

A person traveling with a service animal cannot be denied access to transportation, even if there is a "no pets" policy. In improver, the person with a service animal cannot be forced to sit down in a particular spot; no additional fees can be charged because the person uses a service animal; and the customer does not take to provide accelerate notice that s/he will exist traveling with a service brute.

The laws employ to both public and private transportation providers and include subways, stock-still-route buses, Paratransit, rails, light-rail, taxicabs, shuttles and limousine services.

f) Air Travel

At the end of 2020, the U.S. Section of Transportation (DOT) announced that it revised its Air Carrier Access Act regulation on the transportation of service animals by air. We are working to update the information provided beneath to align with the changes. While we have the time to update our information, bank check out a summary of the changes bachelor on DOT'southward website. You can also find some additional data in DOT's Aviation Consumer Protection's article about service animals.

The Air Carrier Access Human action (ACAA) requires airlines to allow service animals and emotional back up animals to accompany their handlers in the cabin of the shipping.

Service animals – For evidence that an brute is a service animal, air carriers may ask to see identification cards, written documentation, presence of harnesses or tags, or ask for verbal assurances from the individual with a disability using the animal. If airline personnel are uncertain that an animal is a service animal, they may inquire ane of the following:

one. What tasks or functions does your animal perform for y'all?

2. What has your creature been trained to do for y'all?

iii. Would you lot describe how the creature performs this task for you? ^xv

Emotional support and psychiatric service animals – Individuals who travel with emotional back up animals or psychiatric service animals may demand to provide specific documentation to establish that they have a disability and the reason the animal must travel with them. Individuals who wish to travel with their emotional back up or psychiatric animals should contact the airline ahead of fourth dimension to find out what kind of documentation is required.

Examples of documentation that may be requested by the airline: Current documentation (non more than ane twelvemonth old) on letterhead from a licensed mental health professional stating (1) the passenger has a mental health-related inability listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM Four); (2) having the beast accompany the rider is necessary to the passenger's mental health or treatment; (3) the private providing the assessment of the passenger is a licensed mental wellness professional person and the passenger is under his or her professional care; and (iv) the date and type of the mental health professional'south license and the state or other jurisdiction in which it was issued.¹⁶ This documentation may be required as a condition of permitting the animal to accompany the passenger in the motel.

Other animals – Co-ordinate to the ACAA, airlines are not required otherwise to carry animals of whatsoever kind either in the cabin or in the cargo agree. Airlines are complimentary to prefer any policy they cull regarding the carriage of pets and other animals (for case, search and rescue dogs) provided that they comply with other applicable requirements (for example, the Animal Welfare Human action).

Animals such as miniature horses, pigs, and monkeys may exist considered service animals. A carrier must decide on a case-by-case basis co-ordinate to factors such equally the animal'south size and weight; country and foreign country restrictions; whether or not the animal would pose a directly threat to the health or safety of others; or crusade a fundamental alteration in the motel service.¹⁷ Individuals should contact the airlines alee of travel to find out what is permitted.

Airlines are non required to transport unusual animals such every bit snakes, other reptiles, ferrets, rodents, and spiders. Strange carriers are not required to transport animals other than dogs.¹⁸

VI. Reaction/Response of Others

Allergies and fear of dogs are not valid reasons for denying access or refusing service to people using service animals.  If employees, fellow travelers, or customers are afraid of service animals, a solution may be to allow enough space for that person to avoid getting close to the service animal.

Nearly allergies to animals are caused by direct contact with the beast. A separated infinite might be adequate to avoid allergic reactions.

If a person is at take a chance of a significant allergic reaction to an animal, it is the responsibleness of the business organisation or authorities entity to find a fashion to accommodate both the individual using the service animal and the private with the allergy.

7. Service Animals in Training

a) Air Travel

The Air Carrier Access Human activity (ACAA) does non let "service animals in preparation" in the cabin of the aircraft because "in training" condition indicates that they do non nonetheless meet the legal definition of service animal. Yet, similar pet policies, airline policies regarding service animals in training vary. Some airlines permit qualified trainers to bring service animals in training aboard an aircraft for training purposes. Trainers of service animals should consult with airlines and become familiar with their policies.

 b) Employment

In the employment setting, employers may be obligated to permit employees to bring their "service brute in preparation" into the workplace as a reasonable adaptation, particularly if the animal is being trained to assist the employee with work-related tasks. The untrained brute may exist excluded, nevertheless, if information technology becomes a workplace disruption or causes an undue hardship in the workplace.

c) Public Facilities and Accommodations

Title II and III of the ADA does not cover "service animals in training" merely several states have laws when they should be allowed access.

Eight. Laws & Enforcement

a) Public Facilities and Accommodations

Title Two of the ADA covers state and local government facilities, activities, and programs. Title Iii of the ADA covers places of public accommodations. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act covers federal government facilities, activities, and programs. Information technology also covers the entities that receive federal funding.

Championship II and Title III Complaints – These can exist filed through private lawsuits in federal court or directed to the U.Southward. Department of Justice.

U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.Due west.
Civil Rights Division
Disability Rights Section – NYA
Washington, DC 20530
http://www.ada.gov
800-514-0301 (v)
800-514-0383 (TTY)

Section 504 Complaints – These must exist made to the specific federal agency that oversees the program or funding.

b) Employment

Title I of the ADA and Section 501 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Deed prohibits discrimination in employment. The ADA covers private employers with fifteen or more employees; Section 501 applies to federal agencies, and Department 504 applies to any program or entity receiving federal fiscal assist.

ADA Complaints - A person must file a charge with the Equal Employment Opportunity Committee (EEOC) within 180 days of an alleged violation of the ADA. This deadline may be extended to 300 days if there is a state or local fair employment practices agency that also has jurisdiction over this matter. Complaints may be filed in person, by mail, or by telephone by contacting the nearest EEOC part. This number is listed in most telephone directories under "U.S. Government." For more than data:

http://world wide web.eeoc.gov/contact/index.cfm
800-669-4000 (vocalisation)
800-669-6820 (TTY)

Section 501 Complaints - Federal employees must contact their bureau's Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) officeholder within 45 days of an alleged Section 501 violation.

Section 504 Complaints – These must exist filed with the federal bureau that funded the employer.

c) Housing

The Fair Housing Act (FHA), every bit amended in 1988, applies to housing. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits bigotry on the basis of disability in all housing programs and activities that are either conducted by the federal government or receive federal financial help. Championship II of the ADA applies to housing provided by state or local government entities.

Complaints – Housing complaints may exist filed with the Section of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Office of Off-white Housing and Equal Opportunity.

http://www.hud.gov/fairhousing

800-669-9777 (voice)

800-927-9275 (TTY)

d) Education

Students with disabilities in public schools (K-12) are covered by Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Thought), Title II of the ADA, and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Students with disabilities in public postsecondary education are covered past Title Ii and Section 504.  Championship Iii of the ADA applies to private schools (Grand-12 and postal service-secondary) that are not operated past religious entities. Private schools that receive federal funding are also covered by Section 504.

Thought Complaints - Parents can asking a due process hearing and a review from the land educational agency if applicative in that state. They also can appeal the country bureau's decision to country or federal courtroom. You may contact the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services (OSERS) for further information or to provide your ain thoughts and ideas on how they may better serve individuals with disabilities, their families and their communities.

For more data contact:

Office of Special Pedagogy and Rehabilitative Services

U.S. Department of Education

400 Maryland Artery, South.W.

Washington, DC 20202-7100

202-245-7468 (voice)

Title II of the ADA and Department 504 Complaints - The Role for Civil Rights (OCR) in the Department of Education enforces Title Ii of the ADA and Section 504 as they apply to education. Those who have had admission denied due to a service animal may file a complaint with OCR or file a private lawsuit in federal court. An OCR complaint must exist filed within 180 calendar days of the date of the declared discrimination, unless the time for filing is extended for good crusade. Earlier filing an OCR complaint against an institution, an individual may want to observe out about the establishment's grievance process and utilize that process to have the complaint resolved. However, an individual is not required past law to utilise the institutional grievance process earlier filing a complaint with OCR. If someone uses an institutional grievance process and so chooses to file the complaint with OCR, the complaint must be filed with OCR inside 60 days afterwards the final human activity of the institutional grievance procedure.

For more information contact:

U.S. Department of Education

Part for Ceremonious Rights

400 Maryland Avenue, Due south.W.

Washington, DC 20202-1100

Customer Service: 800-421-3481 (voice)

800-877-8339 (TTY)

Electronic mail: OCR@ed.gov

http://www2.ed.gov/virtually/offices/list/ocr/docs/howto.html

Title III Complaints – These may be filed with the Section of Justice.

U.Due south. Department of Justice

950 Pennsylvania Avenue, Due north.W.

Civil Rights Division

Inability Rights Department – NYA

Washington, DC 20530

http://www.ada.gov/

800-514-0301 (v)

800-514-0383 (TTY)

due east) Transportation

Title II of the ADA applies to public transportation while Title III of the ADA applies to transportation provided by private entities. Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Deed applies to federal entities and recipients of federal funding that provide transportation.

Title Ii and Section 504 Complaints – These may be filed with the Federal Transit Administration's Office of Civil Rights. For more than information, contact:

Director, FTA Office of Ceremonious Rights

East Building – 5th Floor, TCR

1200 New Jersey Ave., S.E.

Washington, DC 20590
FTA ADA Assistance Line: 888-446-4511 (Voice)
800-877-8339 (Federal Information Relay Service)
http://world wide web.fta.dot.gov/civil_rights.html
http://world wide web.fta.dot.gov/12874_3889.html (Complaint Form)

Title Iii Complaints – These may be filed with the Department of Justice.

U.S. Section of Justice

950 Pennsylvania Artery, N.W.

Civil Rights Division

Inability Rights Section – NYA

Washington, DC 20530

http://world wide web.ada.gov
800-514-0301 (5)

800-514-0383 (TTY)

Note: A person does not have to file a complaint with the respective federal agency before filing a lawsuit in federal court.

f) Air Transportation

The Air Carrier Access Act (ACAA) covers airlines. Its regulations analyze what animals are considered service animals and explain how each type of animal should be treated.

ACAA complaints may be submitted to the Section of Transportation's Aviation Consumer Protection Division. Air travelers who feel inability-related air travel service problems may phone call the hotline at 800-778-4838 (vocalisation) or 800- 455-9880 (TTY) to obtain assistance. Air travelers who would like the Section of Transportation (DOT) to investigate a complaint about a disability issue must submit their complaint in writing or via e-mail to:

Aviation Consumer Protection Sectionalization
Attn: C-75-D
U.Due south. Section of Transportation
1200 New Bailiwick of jersey Ave, S.E.
Washington, DC 20590

For additional information and questions about your rights under whatever of these laws, contact your regional ADA center at 800-949-4232 (vocalism/TTY).

Acknowledgements

The contents of this booklet were adult by the Southwest ADA Middle nether a grant (#H133A110027) from the Department of Pedagogy's National Plant on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR). However, those contents practice not necessarily correspond the policy of the Department of Didactics and you lot should not assume endorsement by the Federal Authorities.

Southwest ADA Heart at ILRU
TIRR Memorial Hermann Research Eye
1333 Moursund St.
Houston, Texas 77030
713.520.0232 (vocalism/TTY)
800.949.4232 (voice/TTY)
http://www.southwestada.org

The Southwest ADA Heart is a programme of ILRU (Independent Living Research Utilization) at TIRR Memorial Hermann.  The Southwest ADA Eye is role of a national network of ten regional ADA Centers that provide up-to-date information, referrals, resources, and training on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). The centers serve a variety of audiences, including businesses, employers, government entities, and individuals with disabilities. Call i-800-949-4232 v/tty to accomplish the middle that serves your region or visit http://www.adata.org.

This book is printed courtesy of the ADA National Network. The Southwest ADA Center would like to thank Jacquie Brennan (author), Ramin Taheri, Richard Petty, Kathy Gips, Sally Weiss, Wendy Strobel Gower, Erin Marie Sember-Chase, Marian Vessels, and the ADA Knowledge Translation Center at the University of Washington for their contributions to this booklet.

© Southwest ADA Center 2014. All rights reserved

Principal Investigator: Lex Frieden
Projection Director: Vinh Nguyen
Publication staff: Maria DelBosque, Marisa Demaya, and George Powers

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[1] http://www.seeingeye.org

[2] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(4); 28 C.F.,R. § 35.136(d).

[3] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(two); 28 C.F.,R. §35.136(b)(ii).

[4] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(6).

[five] See 28 C.F.R. Pt. 35, App. A; Sak v. Aurelia, City of,  C 11-4111-MWB (North.D. Iowa Dec. 28, 2011)

[6] 28 C.F.R. 36.302(c)(viii).

[7] 29 C.F.R. Pt. 1630 App. The EEOC, in the Interpretive Guidance accompanying the regulations, stated that guide dogs may be an accommodation..."For instance, information technology would be a reasonable adaptation for an employer to let an individual who is blind to use a guide dog at work, even though the employer would not be required to provide a guide canis familiaris for the employee."

[eight] 42 United statesC. § 3604(f)(3)(B).

[9] Fair Housing of the Dakotas, Inc. 5. Goldmark Prop. Mgmt., Inc., 3:09-cv-58 (D.Northward.D. Mar. xxx, 2011): "… the FHA encompasses all types of assistance animals regardless of training, including those that improve a physical inability and those that ameliorate a mental disability."

[ten] See Bronk v. Ineichen, 54 F.3d 425, 428-429 (7th Cir. 1995); HUD v. Purkett, FH-FL 19372 (HUDALJ July 31, 1990) Greenish five. Housing Authority of Clackamas Canton, 994 F.Supp. 1253 (D. Ore. 1998).

[11] Hawn v. Shoreline Towers Phase one Condominium Clan, Inc., 347 Fed. Appx. 464 (11th Cir. 2009).

[12] Meet "Pet Ownership for the Elderly and Persons with Disabilities", 73 Federal Register 208 (27 October 2008), pp. 63834-63838; Us. (2004). Reasonable Accommodations under the Fair Housing Act: Articulation Statement of the Department of Housing and Urban Evolution and Department of Justice. Washington, D.C: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and U.S. Department of Justice [Electronic Version]. Retrieved 03/06/2014 from http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/hce/jointstatement_ra.php.

[13] Individual schools that are not operated by religious entities are considered public accommodations. Please refer to Section V(a).

[14] Sullivan v. Vallejo City Unified Sch. Dist., 731 F. Supp. 947 (E.D. Cal. 1990).

[xv] "Guidance Concerning Service Animals in Air Transportation", 68 Federal Annals xc (9 May 2003), p. 24875.

[16] 14 C.F.R. § 382.117(due east).

[17] xiv C.F.R. § 382.117(f).

[18] Id.

Source: https://adata.org/guide/service-animals-and-emotional-support-animals

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